The question now is whether or not Vader will harness that pain or die.
Vader decides to accept his new pain, and the rest is history.
Vader is understandably furious that despite Palpatine’s promise, he wasn’t table to save Padme, but Palpatine twists the situation around by telling his new apprentice that Padme’s death has left him a gift: pain.
But in this version of that moment, Vader merely shouts “No!” rather than draw it out, and his rage is so great that he slams Palpatine into the wall.