The government scientists removed the elements that drove Cal Johnson mad and created a serum that worked well enough to grant super strength for a brief window of time.
Project Patriot created something that could provide the powers of Cal without all the crazy.
Both the Marvel Cinematic Universe and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. have made the point in the past that failure followed all attempts to recreate the exact serum that transformed the diminutive Steve Rogers into the magnificent physical specimen that is Captain America.
S.H.I.E.L.D., however, went in a different direction to give Mace his abilities as a fake Inhuman, and General Talbot and Co. refined the formula that transformed Daisy’s dad into an aggressive monstrosity back in Season 2.